Lab-on-a-chip is a term commonly used in the field of microfluidics, bioengineering and biomedical sciences. This device is known for its ability to perform complex analytical procedures, tasks and tests, all on a single, small silicon or glass wafer or chip. While the concept of lab-on-a-chip is well-known in the scientific community, the term can be used interchangeably with other synonyms, such as microfluidic chip, microchip assay, micro total analysis system (µTAS), lab-on-chip system, and microlab. Regardless of the synonym used, all of these terms represent the same technology and its applications in various scientific fields.